List of Command-Line Tools

This is an overview of all the command-line tools discussed in this book. This includes binary executables, interpreted scripts, and Z Shell builtins and keywords. For each command-line tool, the following information, when available and appropriate, is provided:

  • The actual command to type at the command line
  • A description
  • The version used in the book
  • The year that version was released
  • The primary author(s)
  • A website to find more information
  • How to obtain help
  • An example usage

All command-line tools listed here are included in the Docker image. See Chapter 2 for instructions on how to set it up. Please note that citing open source software is not trivial, and that some information may be missing or incorrect.

alias

Define or display aliases. alias is a Z shell builtin.

$ type alias
alias is a shell builtin
 
$ man zshbuiltins | grep -A 10 alias
 
$ alias l
l='ls --color -lhF --group-directories-first'
 
$ alias python=python3

awk

Pattern scanning and text processing language. awk (version 1.3.4) by Mike D. Brennan and Thomas E. Dickey (2019). More information: https://invisible-island.net/mawk.

$ type awk
awk is /usr/bin/awk
 
$ man awk
 
$ seq 5 | awk '{sum+=$1} END {print sum}'
15

aws

Unified tool to manage AWS services. aws (version 2.1.32) by Amazon Web Services (2021). More information: https://aws.amazon.com/cli.

$ type aws
aws is /usr/local/bin/aws
 
$ aws --help

bash

GNU Bourne-Again SHell. bash (version 5.0.17) by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/bash.

$ type bash
bash is /usr/bin/bash
 
$ man bash

bat

A cat clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration. bat (version 0.18.0) by David Peter (2021). More information: https://github.com/sharkdp/bat.

$ type bat
bat is an alias for bat --tabs 8 --paging never
 
$ man bat

bc

An arbitrary precision calculator language. bc (version 1.07.1) by Philip A. Nelson (2017). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/bc.

$ type bc
bc is /usr/bin/bc
 
$ man bc
 
$ bc -l <<< 'e(1)'
2.71828182845904523536

body

Apply command to all but the first line. body (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type body
body is /usr/bin/dsutils/body
 
$ seq 10 | header -a 'values' | body shuf
values
3
7
10
9
5
4
6
8
2
1

cat

Concatenate files and print on the standard output. cat (version 8.30) by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman (2018). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type cat
cat is /usr/bin/cat
 
$ man cat
 
$ cat *.log > all.log

cd

Change the shell working directory. cd is a Z shell builtin.

$ type cd
cd is a shell builtin
 
$ man zshbuiltins | grep -A 10 cd
 
$ cd ~
 
$ pwd
/home/dst
 
$ cd ..
 
$ pwd
/home
 
$ cd /data/ch01
cd: no such file or directory: /data/ch01

chmod

Change file mode bits. chmod (version 8.30) by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering (2018). I use chmod in Chapter 4 to make a tool executable. More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type chmod
chmod is /usr/bin/chmod
 
$ man chmod
 
$ chmod u+x script.sh

cols

Apply command to subset of columns. cols (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type cols
cols is /usr/bin/dsutils/cols

column

Columnate lists. column (version 2.36.1) by Karel Zak (2021). More information: https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux.

$ type column
column is /usr/bin/column

cowsay

Configurable speaking cow. cowsay (version 3.0.3) by Tony Monroe (1999). More information: https://github.com/tnalpgge/rank-amateur-cowsay.

$ type cowsay
cowsay is /usr/bin/cowsay
 
$ man cowsay
 
$ echo 'The command line is awesome!' | cowsay
 ______________________________
< The command line is awesome! >
 ------------------------------
        \   ^__^
         \  (oo)\_______
            (__)\       )\/\
                ||----w |
                ||     ||

cp

Copy files and directories. cp (version 8.30) by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2018). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type cp
cp is /usr/bin/cp
 
$ man cp
 
$ cp -r ~/Downloads/*.xlsx /data

csv2vw

Convert CSV to Vowpal Wabbit format. csv2vw (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type csv2vw
csv2vw is /usr/bin/dsutils/csv2vw

csvcut

Filter and truncate CSV files. csvcut (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvcut
csvcut is /usr/bin/csvcut
 
$ csvcut --help
 
$ csvcut -c bill,tip /data/ch05/tips.csv | trim
bill,tip
16.99,1.01
10.34,1.66
21.01,3.5
23.68,3.31
24.59,3.61
25.29,4.71
8.77,2.0
26.88,3.12
15.04,1.96
… with 235 more lines

csvgrep

Search CSV files. csvgrep (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvgrep
csvgrep is /usr/bin/csvgrep
 
$ csvgrep --help

csvjoin

Execute a SQL-like join to merge CSV files on a specified column or columns. csvjoin (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvjoin
csvjoin is /usr/bin/csvjoin
 
$ csvjoin --help

csvlook

Render a CSV file in the console as a Markdown-compatible, fixed-width table. csvlook (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvlook
csvlook is a shell function
 
$ csvlook --help
 
$ csvlook /data/ch05/tips.csv
│  bill │   tip │ sex    │ smoker │ day  │ time   │ size │
├───────┼───────┼────────┼────────┼──────┼────────┼──────┤
│ 16.99 │  1.01 │ Female │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 10.34 │  1.66 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    3 │
│ 21.01 │  3.50 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    3 │
│ 23.68 │  3.31 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 24.59 │  3.61 │ Female │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
│ 25.29 │  4.71 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
│  8.77 │  2.00 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    2 │
│ 26.88 │  3.12 │ Male   │  False │ Sun  │ Dinner │    4 │
… with 236 more lines

csvquote

Enable common unix utlities to work correctly with CSV data. csvquote (version 0.1) by Dan Brown (2018). More information: https://github.com/dbro/csvquote.

$ type csvquote
csvquote is /usr/local/bin/csvquote

csvsort

Sort CSV files. csvsort (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvsort
csvsort is /usr/bin/csvsort
 
$ csvsort --help

csvsql

Execute SQL statements on CSV files. csvsql (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvsql
csvsql is /usr/bin/csvsql
 
$ csvsql --help

csvstack

Stack up the rows from multiple CSV files. csvstack (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvstack
csvstack is /usr/bin/csvstack
 
$ csvstack --help

csvstat

Print descriptive statistics for each column in a CSV file. csvstat (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type csvstat
csvstat is /usr/bin/csvstat
 
$ csvstat --help

curl

Transfer a URL. curl (version 7.68.0) by Daniel Stenberg (2016). More information: https://curl.haxx.se.

$ type curl
curl is /usr/bin/curl
 
$ man curl

cut

Remove sections from each line of files. cut (version 8.30) by David M. Ihnat, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type cut
cut is /usr/bin/cut
 
$ man cut

display

Displays an image or image sequence on any X server. display (version 6.9.10-23) by ImageMagick Studio LLC (2019). More information: https://imagemagick.org.

$ type display
display is a shell function

dseq

Generate sequence of dates. dseq (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type dseq
dseq is /usr/bin/dsutils/dseq
 
$ dseq 3
2021-12-15
2021-12-16
2021-12-17

echo

Display a line of text. echo (version 8.30) by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2019). Useful for using literal text as standard input to the next tool. More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type echo
echo is a shell builtin
 
$ man echo
 
$ echo Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia | cowsay
 ______________________________________
< Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia >
 --------------------------------------
        \   ^__^
         \  (oo)\_______
            (__)\       )\/\
                ||----w |
                ||     ||
 
$ echo -n Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia | wc -c
36

env

Run a program in a modified environment. env (version 8.30) by Richard Mlynarik, David MacKenzie, and Assaf Gordon (2018). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type env
env is /usr/bin/env
 
$ man env

export

Set export attribute for shell variables. Useful for making shell variables available to other command-line tools.. export is a Z shell builtin.

$ type export
export is a reserved word
 
$ man zshbuiltins | grep -A 10 export
 
$ export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin"

fc

Control the interactive history mechanism. fc is a Z shell builtin. I use fc in Chapter 4 to edit the command in nano.

$ type fc
fc is a shell builtin
 
$ man zshbuiltins | grep -A 10 '^ *fc '

find

Search for files in a directory hierarchy. find (version 4.7.0) by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils.

$ type find
find is /usr/bin/find
 
$ man find
 
$ find /data -type f -name '*.csv' -size -3
/data/ch03/tmnt-basic.csv
/data/ch03/tmnt-missing-newline.csv
/data/ch03/tmnt-with-header.csv
/data/ch05/irismeta.csv
/data/ch05/names-comma.csv
/data/ch05/names.csv
/data/ch07/datatypes.csv

fold

Wrap each input line to fit in specified width. fold (version 8.30) by David MacKenzie (2020). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type fold
fold is /usr/bin/fold
 
$ man fold

for

Execute commands for each member in a list. for is a Z shell builtin. In Chapter 8, I discuss the advantages of using parallel instead of for.

$ type for
for is a reserved word
 
$ man zshmisc | grep -EA 10 '^ *for '
 
$ for i in {A..C} "It's easy as" {1..3}; do echo $i; done
A
B
C
It's easy as
1
2
3

fx

Interactive JSON viewer. fx (version 20.0.2) by Anton Medvedev (2020). More information: https://github.com/antonmedv/fx.

$ type fx
fx is /usr/local/bin/fx
 
$ fx --help
 
$ echo '[1,2,3]' | fx 'this.map(x => x * 2)'
[
  2,
  4,
  6
]

git

The stupid content tracker. git (version 2.25.1) by Linus Torvalds and Junio C. Hamano (2021). More information: https://git-scm.com.

$ type git
git is /usr/bin/git
 
$ man git

grep

Print lines that match patterns. grep (version 3.4) by Jim Meyering (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/grep.

$ type grep
grep is /usr/bin/grep
 
$ man grep
 
$ seq 100 | grep 3 | wc -l
19

gron

Make JSON greppable. gron (version 0.6.1) by Tom Hudson (2021). More information: https://github.com/TomNomNom/gron.

$ type gron
gron is /usr/bin/gron
 
$ man gron

history

GNU History Library. history (version 8.1) by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey (2020). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/bash.

$ type history
history is a shell builtin

hostname

Show or set the system’s host name. hostname (version 3.23) by Peter Tobias, Bernd Eckenfels, and Michael Meskes (2021). More information: https://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/.

$ type hostname
hostname is /usr/bin/hostname
 
$ man hostname
 
$ hostname
2c3edb64827b
 
$ hostname -i
172.17.0.2

in2csv

Convert common, but less awesome, tabular data formats to CSV. in2csv (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type in2csv
in2csv is /usr/bin/in2csv
 
$ in2csv --help

jq

Command-line JSON processor. jq (version 1.6) by Stephen Dolan (2021). More information: https://stedolan.github.com/jq.

$ type jq
jq is /usr/bin/jq
 
$ man jq

json2csv

Convert JSON to CSV. json2csv (version 1.2.1) by Jehiah Czebotar (2019). More information: https://github.com/jehiah/json2csv.

$ type json2csv
json2csv is /usr/bin/json2csv
 
$ json2csv --help

l

List directory contents in long format with directories grouped before files, human readable file sizes, and access permissions. l by Unknown (1999).

$ type l
l is an alias for ls --color -lhF --group-directories-first
 
$ cd /data/ch03
 
$ ls
logs.tar.gz    tmnt-basic.csv            tmnt-with-header.csv
r-datasets.db  tmnt-missing-newline.csv  top2000.xlsx
 
$ l
total 924K
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst 627K Dec 14 12:03 logs.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst 189K Dec 14 12:03 r-datasets.db
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  149 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-basic.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  148 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-missing-newline.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  181 Dec 14 12:03 tmnt-with-header.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dst dst  91K Dec 14 12:03 top2000.xlsx

less

opposite of more. less (version 551) by Mark Nudelman (2019). More information: https://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less.

$ type less
less is an alias for less -R
 
$ man less
 
$ less README

ls

List directory contents. ls (version 8.30) by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type ls
ls is /usr/bin/ls
 
$ man ls
 
$ ls /data
ch02  ch03  ch04  ch05  ch06  ch07  ch08  ch09  ch10  csvconf

make

A Program for Maintaining Computer Programs. make (version 4.3) by Stuart I. Feldman (2020). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/make.

$ type make
make is /usr/bin/make
 
$ man make
 
$ make sandwich

man

An interface to the system reference manuals. man (version 2.9.1) by John W. Eaton and Colin Watson (2020). More information: https://nongnu.org/man-db.

$ type man
man is /usr/bin/man
 
$ man man
 
$ man excel
No manual entry for excel

mkdir

Make directories. mkdir (version 8.30) by David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type mkdir
mkdir is /usr/bin/mkdir
 
$ man mkdir
 
$ mkdir -p /data/ch{01..10}

mv

Move (rename) files. mv (version 8.30) by Mike Parker, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering (2020). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type mv
mv is /usr/bin/mv
 
$ man mv
 
$ mv results{,.bak}

nano

Nano’s ANOther editor, inspired by Pico. nano (version 5.4) by Benno Schulenberg, David Lawrence Ramsey, Jordi Mallach, Chris Allegretta, Robert Siemborski, and Adam Rogoyski (2020). More information: https://nano-editor.org.

$ type nano
nano is /usr/bin/nano

nl

Number lines of files. nl (version 8.30) by Scott Bartram and David MacKenzie (2020). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type nl
nl is /usr/bin/nl
 
$ man nl
 
$ nl /data/ch05/alice.txt | head
     1  Project Gutenberg's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll
     2
     3  This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
     4  almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
     5  re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
     6  with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
     7
     8
     9  Title: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
    10

parallel

Build and execute shell command lines from standard input in parallel. parallel (version 20161222) by Ole Tange (2016). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/parallel.

$ type parallel
parallel is /usr/bin/parallel
 
$ man parallel
 
$ seq 3 | parallel "echo Processing file {}.csv"
Processing file 1.csv
Processing file 2.csv
Processing file 3.csv

paste

Merge lines of files. paste (version 8.30) by David M. Ihnat and David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type paste
paste is /usr/bin/paste
 
$ man paste
 
$ paste -d, <(seq 5) <(dseq 5)
1,2021-12-15
2,2021-12-16
3,2021-12-17
4,2021-12-18
5,2021-12-19
 
$ seq 5 | paste -sd+
1+2+3+4+5

pbc

Parallel bc. pbc by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type pbc
pbc is /usr/bin/dsutils/pbc
 
$ seq 3 | pbc '{1}^2'
1
4
9

pip

A tool for installing and managing Python packages. pip (version 20.0.2) by PyPA (2020). More information: https://pip.pypa.io.

$ type pip
pip is /usr/bin/pip
 
$ man pip
 
$ pip install pandas
 
$ pip freeze | grep sci
scikit-learn==0.24.2
scipy==1.7.0

pup

Parsing HTML at the command line. pup (version 0.4.0) by Eric Chiang (2016). More information: https://github.com/EricChiang/pup.

$ type pup
pup is /usr/bin/pup
 
$ pup --help

pwd

Print name of working directory. pwd (version 8.30) by Jim Meyering (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type pwd
pwd is a shell builtin
 
$ man pwd
 
$ cd ~
 
$ pwd
/home/dst

python

An interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language. python (version 3.8.5) by The Python Software Foundation (2021). More information: https://www.python.org.

$ type python
python is an alias for python3
 
$ man python

R

A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R (version 4.0.4) by The R Foundation for Statistical Computing (2021). More information: https://www.r-project.org.

$ type R
R is /usr/bin/R
 
$ man R

rev

Reverse lines characterwise. rev (version 2.36.1) by Karel Zak (2021). More information: https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux.

$ type rev
rev is /usr/bin/rev
 
$ echo 'Satire: Veritas' | rev
satireV :eritaS
 
$ echo 'Ça va?' | rev | cut -c 2- | rev
Ça va

rm

Remove files or directories. rm (version 8.30) by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Richard M. Stallman, and Jim Meyering (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type rm
rm is /usr/bin/rm
 
$ man rm
 
$ rm *.old

rush

R One-Liners from the Shell. rush (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/rush.

$ type rush
rush is /usr/local/lib/R/site-library/rush/exec/rush
 
$ rush --help
 
$ rush run '6*7'
42
 
$ rush run --tidyverse 'filter(starwars, species == "Human") %>% select(name)'
# A tibble: 35 x 1
   name
   <chr>
 1 Luke Skywalker
 2 Darth Vader
 3 Leia Organa
 4 Owen Lars
 5 Beru Whitesun lars
 6 Biggs Darklighter
 7 Obi-Wan Kenobi
 8 Anakin Skywalker
 9 Wilhuff Tarkin
10 Han Solo
# … with 25 more rows

sample

Filter lines from standard input according to some probability, with a given delay, and for a certain duration. sample (version 0.2.4) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/sample.

$ type sample
sample is /usr/local/bin/sample
 
$ sample --help
 
$ seq 1000 | sample -r 0.01 | trim 5
160
300
337
340
434
… with 6 more lines

scp

OpenSSH secure file copy. scp (version 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.2) by Timo Rinne and Tatu Ylonen (2019). More information: https://www.openssh.com.

$ type scp
scp is /usr/bin/scp
 
$ man scp

sed

Stream editor for filtering and transforming text. sed (version 4.7) by Jay Fenlason, Tom Lord, Ken Pizzini, and Paolo Bonzini (2018). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/sed.

$ type sed
sed is /usr/bin/sed
 
$ man sed

seq

Print a sequence of numbers. seq (version 8.30) by Ulrich Drepper (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type seq
seq is /usr/bin/seq
 
$ man seq
 
$ seq 3
1
2
3
 
$ seq 10 5 20
10
15
20

servewd

Serve the current working directory using a simple HTTP server. servewd (version 0.1) by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type servewd
servewd is /usr/bin/dsutils/servewd
 
$ servewd --help
 
$ cd /data && servewd 8000

shuf

Generate random permutations. shuf (version 8.30) by Paul Eggert (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type shuf
shuf is /usr/bin/shuf
 
$ man shuf
 
$ echo {a..z} | tr ' ' '\n' | shuf | trim 5
s
a
k
x
y
… with 21 more lines
 
$ shuf -i 1-100 | trim 5
61
60
5
92
10
… with 95 more lines

skll

SciKit-Learn Laboratory. skll (version 2.5.0) by Educational Testing Service (2021). The actual tool is run_experiment. I use the alias skll because I find that easier to remember. More information: https://skll.readthedocs.org.

$ type skll
skll is an alias for run_experiment
 
$ skll --help

sort

Sort lines of text files. sort (version 8.30) by Mike Haertel and Paul Eggert (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type sort
sort is /usr/bin/sort
 
$ man sort
 
$ echo '3\n7\n1\n3' | sort
1
3
3
7

split

Split a file into pieces. split (version 8.30) by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type split
split is /usr/bin/split
 
$ man split

sponge

Soak up standard input and write to a file. sponge (version 0.65) by Colin Watson and Tollef Fog Heen (2021). Useful if you want to read from and write to the same file in a single pipeline. More information: https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils.

$ type sponge
sponge is /usr/bin/sponge

sql2csv

Execute an SQL query on a database and output the result to a CSV file. sql2csv (version 1.0.5) by Christopher Groskopf (2020). More information: https://csvkit.rtfd.org.

$ type sql2csv
sql2csv is /usr/bin/sql2csv
 
$ sql2csv --help

ssh

OpenSSH remote login client. ssh (version 1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.2) by Tatu Ylonen, Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck, Markus Friedl, Niels Provos, Theo Raadt, Dug Song, and Markus Friedl (2020). More information: https://www.openssh.com.

$ type ssh
ssh is /usr/bin/ssh
 
$ man ssh

sudo

Execute a command as another user. sudo (version 1.8.31) by Todd C. Miller (2019). More information: https://www.sudo.ws.

$ type sudo
sudo is /usr/bin/sudo
 
$ man sudo

tail

Output the last part of files. tail (version 8.30) by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Ian Lance Taylor, and Jim Meyering (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type tail
tail is /usr/bin/tail
 
$ man tail

tapkee

An efficient dimension reduction library. tapkee (version 1.2) by Sergey Lisitsyn, Christian Widmer, and Fernando J. Iglesias Garcia (2013). More information: http://tapkee.lisitsyn.me.

$ type tapkee
tapkee is /usr/bin/tapkee
 
$ tapkee --help

tar

An archiving utility. tar (version 1.30) by John Gilmore and Jay Fenlason (2014). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/tar.

$ type tar
tar is /usr/bin/tar
 
$ man tar

tee

Read from standard input and write to standard output and files. tee (version 8.30) by Mike Parker, Richard M. Stallman, and David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type tee
tee is /usr/bin/tee
 
$ man tee

telnet

User interface to the TELNET protocol. telnet (version 0.17) by Mats Erik Andersson, Andreas Henriksson, and Christoph Biedl (1999). More information: http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~dholland/computers/netkit.html.

$ type telnet
telnet is /usr/bin/telnet

tldr

Collaborative cheatsheets for console commands. tldr (version 3.3.7) by Owen Voke (2021). More information: https://tldr.sh.

$ type tldr
tldr is /usr/local/bin/tldr
 
$ tldr --help
 
$ tldr tar | trim
✔ Page not found. Updating cache...
✔ Creating index...
 
  tar
 
  Archiving utility.
  Often combined with a compression method, such as gzip or bzip2.
  More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/tar.
 
  - [c]reate an archive and write it to a [f]ile:
    tar cf target.tar file1 file2 file3
 
… with 22 more lines

tr

Translate or delete characters. tr (version 8.30) by Jim Meyering (2018). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type tr
tr is /usr/bin/tr
 
$ man tr

tree

List contents of directories in a tree-like format. tree (version 1.8.0) by Steve Baker (2018). More information: https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/tree.

$ type tree
tree is /usr/bin/tree
 
$ man tree
 
$ tree / | trim
/
├── bin -> usr/bin
├── boot
├── data
│   ├── ch02
│   │   ├── fac.py
│   │   └── movies.txt
│   ├── ch03
│   │   ├── logs.tar.gz
│   │   ├── r-datasets.db
… with 121572 more lines

trim

Trim output to a given height and width. trim by Jeroen Janssens (2021). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type trim
trim is /usr/bin/dsutils/trim
 
$ echo {a..z}-{0..9} | fold | trim 5 60
a-0 a-1 a-2 a-3 a-4 a-5 a-6 a-7 a-8 a-9 b-0 b-1 b-2 b-3 b-4…
c-0 c-1 c-2 c-3 c-4 c-5 c-6 c-7 c-8 c-9 d-0 d-1 d-2 d-3 d-4…
e-0 e-1 e-2 e-3 e-4 e-5 e-6 e-7 e-8 e-9 f-0 f-1 f-2 f-3 f-4…
g-0 g-1 g-2 g-3 g-4 g-5 g-6 g-7 g-8 g-9 h-0 h-1 h-2 h-3 h-4…
i-0 i-1 i-2 i-3 i-4 i-5 i-6 i-7 i-8 i-9 j-0 j-1 j-2 j-3 j-4…
… with 8 more lines

ts

Timestamp input. ts (version 0.65) by Joey Hess (2021). More information: https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils.

$ type ts
ts is /usr/bin/ts
 
$ echo seq 5 | sample -d 500 | ts
Dec 14 12:07:20 seq 5

type

Show the type and location of a command-line tool. type is a Z shell builtin.

$ type type
type is a shell builtin
 
$ man zshbuiltins | grep -A 10 '^ *type '

uniq

Report or omit repeated lines. uniq (version 8.30) by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type uniq
uniq is /usr/bin/uniq
 
$ man uniq

unpack

Extract common file formats. unpack (version 0.1) by Patrick Brisbin (2013). More information: https://github.com/jeroenjanssens/dsutils.

$ type unpack
unpack is /usr/bin/dsutils/unpack

unrar

Extract files from rar archives. unrar (version 0.0.1) by Ben Asselstine, Christian Scheurer, and Johannes Winkelmann (2014). More information: http://home.gna.org/unrar.

$ type unrar
unrar is /usr/bin/unrar
 
$ man unrar

unzip

List, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive. unzip (version 6.0) by Samuel H. Smith, Ed Gordon, Christian Spieler, Onno Linden, Mike White, Kai Uwe Rommel, Steven M. Schweda, Paul Kienitz, Chris Herborth, Jonathan Hudson, Sergio Monesi, Harald Denker, John Bush, Hunter Goatley, Steve Salisbury, Steve Miller, and Dave Smith (2009). More information: http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip.

$ type unzip
unzip is /usr/bin/unzip
 
$ man unzip

vw

Fast machine learning library for online learning. vw (version 8.10.1) by John Langford (2021). More information: https://vowpalwabbit.org.

$ type vw
vw is /usr/local/bin/vw
 
$ vw --help --quiet

wc

Print newline, word, and byte counts for each file. wc (version 8.30) by Paul Rubin and David MacKenzie (2019). More information: https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils.

$ type wc
wc is /usr/bin/wc
 
$ man wc

which

Locate a command. which (version 0.1) by Unknown (2016). More information: .

$ type which
which is a shell builtin
 
$ man which

xml2json

Convert an XML input to a JSON output, using xml-mapping. xml2json (version 0.0.3) by François Parmentier (2016). More information: https://github.com/parmentf/xml2json.

$ type xml2json
xml2json is /usr/local/bin/xml2json

xmlstarlet

Command line XML/XSLT toolkit. xmlstarlet (version 1.6.1) by Dagobert Michelsen, Noam Postavsky, and Mikhail Grushinskiy (2019). More information: https://sourceforge.net/projects/xmlstar.

$ type xmlstarlet
xmlstarlet is /usr/bin/xmlstarlet
 
$ man xmlstarlet

xsv

A fast CSV command line toolkit written in Rust. xsv (version 0.13.0) by Andrew Gallant (2018). More information: https://github.com/BurntSushi/xsv.

$ type xsv
xsv is /usr/bin/xsv
 
$ xsv --help

zcat

Decompress and concatenate files to standard output. zcat (version 1.10) by Paul Eggert (2021). More information: https://www.nongnu.org/zutils/zutils.html.

$ type zcat
zcat is /usr/bin/zcat
 
$ man zcat

zsh

The Z shell. zsh (version 5.8) by Paul Falstad and Peter Stephenson (2020). More information: https://www.zsh.org.

$ type zsh
zsh is /usr/bin/zsh
 
$ man zsh